雅思阅读真题（Part 1）
普氏野马回归野外
本篇也叫：普氏野马、野马、蒙古野马、准噶尔野马、普热瓦尔斯基马、普氏马
Part 1 · 最近考试：2024.8.17
本篇为雅思阅读真题（Part 1）《Back to wild》，共 15 题，2024.8.17雅思考试真题回忆，页面提供完整原文、题目、答案与解析，并支持在线机考模式免费练习。本页同时提供 Markdown 版本 供 AI 助手与搜索引擎直接读取。
文章介绍普氏野马这一最后的真正野马：俄国探险家普热瓦尔斯基1881年首次科学描述该物种，此后大量野马被捕获送进动物园，加之人类占地，野生种群濒临灭绝。世界自然基金会支持再引入项目，科学家Feh在法国Causse Mejan模拟蒙古草原环境驯化野马，再放归蒙古13000公顷草原，建立遗传储备种群，并防范与家马杂交污染血统。
A
The Przewalski Horse is the last wild horse. The horse is named after the Russian colonel Nikolai Przhevalsky (the name is of Polish origin and "Przewalski" is the Polish spelling). He was the explorer and naturalist who first described the horse in 1881, after having gone on an expedition to find it, based on rumors of its existence. Many of these horses were captured around 1900 by Carl Hagebeck and placed in zoos. As noted above, about twelve to fifteen reproduced and formed today's population.
B
The World Wild Fund is supporting the Przewalski Horse project. Przewalski’s horses, named after the Russian explorer who first described them scientifically, Nikolai Przewalski, were once native to China and travelled freely across the wilds of the Eurasian steppe covering Russia, Mongolia, and Eurasia. But they were driven to the brink of extinction after Przewalski’s 19th-century discovery of the species led to an increase in their appeal. Many were killed or captured and taken to zoos across the world, while others were displaced by human land use. Of the 2,000 Przewalski’s horses left in the world today, only 300 live in the wild, having been part of reintroduction programmes first.
C
Colonel Nilokai Przewalski identified different kind of the horse by using the bone and skins of the horse. They are very difficult to catch and there are only a few that exist in the zoo.
D
A scientist named Feh first put the horse in a zoo, and then sent them back to the wild, The Causse Mejan landscape in France is quite similar from that in Mongolia where the horse used to live. He spent 6000 hours to do the experiment, to change the nature of the Przewalski horse to attack and fight other horse species. Then Feh took the horse to Mongolia to roam in an area of 13000 hectares grassland once the horse used to live. Feh’s project is also known as “Wild Horse Mesh”.
E
There are 37 Przewalski Horse in the project, and they are served as genetic reservoir if their species is under threat of extinction. There are three group of the Przewalski horse in the plan which has been reestablished by Feh.
F
If Przewalski’s horses breed with domestic horses, they produce fertile hybrids, which has the potential to quickly adulterate the species and undo the work of the project. So, organisers have decided first to place the horses in a fenced-off area to stabilise the population and fend off the risk of losing their gene pool.
G
The native population declined in the 20th century due to a combination of factors, with the wild population in Mongolia dying out in the 1960s. The last herd was sighted in 1967 and the last individual horse in 1969. Expeditions after this failed to locate any horses, and the species had been designated "extinct in the wild" for over 30 years.
H
After 1945 only two captive populations in zoos remained, in Munich and in Prague. The most valuable group, in Askania Nova, Ukraine, was shot by German soldiers during World War Two occupation, and the group in the United States had died out. Competition with livestock, hunting, capture of foals for zoological collections, military activities, and harsh winters recorded in 1945, 1948 and 1956 are considered to be the main causes of the decline in the Przewalski's horse population. By the end of the 1950s, only 12 individual Przewalski's horses were left in the world. The species is being reintroduced to their original habitat after 20 years of extinction in the wild.20years of the horse being extinct in the wild as a result of hunting, capture and habitat loss. The decline of pasture in Mongolia is mainly because of grazing pressure. The scientists are now discussing with the local people about the horse and protect them together.
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答案：NOT GIVEN
原文定位：The World Wild Fund is supporting the Przewalski Horse project
答案：genetic reservoir
原文定位：There are 37 Przewalski Horse in the project, and they are served as genetic reservoir if their species is under threat of extinction
同义替换：「provide」↔「served as」，「any sort of disaster」↔「species is under threat of extinction」
答案：genetic reservoir
原文定位：There are 37 Przewalski Horse in the project, and they are served as genetic reservoir if their species is under threat of extinction
同义替换：「provide」↔「served as」，「any sort of disaster」↔「species is under threat of extinction」
答案：grazing pressure
原文定位：The decline of pasture in Mongolia is mainly because of grazing pressure
同义替换：「principal cause」↔「mainly because of」，「loss」↔「decline」
答案：three
原文定位：There are three group of the Przewalski horse in the plan which has been reestablished by Feh
答案：three
原文定位：There are three group of the Przewalski horse in the plan which has been reestablished by Feh
答案：FALSE
原文定位：Colonel Nilokai Przewalski identified different kind of the horse by using the bone and skins of the horse
同义替换：「live specimens」↔「bone and skins」，「species」↔「different kind of the horse」
答案：TRUE
原文定位：They are very difficult to catch and there are only a few that exist in the zoo
同义替换：「acquiring」↔「catch」
答案：FALSE
原文定位：The Causse Mejan landscape in France is quite similar from that in Mongolia where the horse used to live
同义替换：「different from」↔「quite similar」，「home of the horses」↔「where the horse used to live」
答案：1969
原文定位：The native population declined in the 20th century due to a combination of factors, with the wild population in Mongolia dying out in the 1960s. The last herd was sighted in 1967 and the last individual horse in 1969. Expeditions after this failed to locate any horses, and the species had been designated "extinct in the wild" for over 30 years
同义替换：「you can only see the Przewalski Horse at zoos」↔「extinct in the wild」
答案：1969
原文定位：The last herd was sighted in 1967 and the last individual horse in 1969. Expeditions after this failed to locate any horses, and the species had been designated "extinct in the wild" for over 30 years
同义替换：「found only in zoos」↔「extinct in the wild」
答案：1969
原文定位：The last herd was sighted in 1967 and the last individual horse in 1969. Expeditions after this failed to locate any horses, and the species had been designated "extinct in the wild" for over 30 years
答案：6000 hours
原文定位：He spent 6000 hours to do the experiment, to change the nature of the Przewalski horse to attack and fight other horse species
同义替换：「took」↔「spent」，「aggressive habits」↔「the nature to attack and fight other horse species」
答案：13000 hectares
原文定位：Then Feh took the horse to Mongolia to roam in an area of 13000 hectares grassland once the horse used to live
同义替换：「allowed to run free」↔「roam」
答案：Wild Horse Mesh
原文定位：Feh’s project is also known as “Wild Horse Mesh