Earth-sheltered housing

文章大意

这篇雅思听力Part4是一位学生关于生态环保规划的演讲，主题是地下住宅（earth-sheltered housing）。演讲介绍了这种建筑对环境影响小、节能高效、使用夯土等天然材料、寿命长、维护少、安静且有益健康（如通风系统对哮喘患者有益），但也提到在英国仍不受欢迎。

题目与答案

1. Advantages:

   · has a 31_____ on the environment

   答案：low impact

   原文定位：Perhaps the greatest merit of this building technique is the low impact it has on the environment, since houses built underground can hardly be seen from the surface

   同义替换：「earth-sheltered housing」↔「underground housing」

2. · increased use of energy-efficient 32_____ technologies

   答案：alternative

   原文定位：This is because this kind of housing makes greater use of alternative technologies to improve energy efficiency, as I shall explain in more detail later

   同义替换：「increased」↔「makes greater」

3. · can have a very long 33_____

   答案：lifespan

   原文定位：Many earth-sheltered housing projects use natural non-toxic resources for building materials, such as rammed earth, which are surprisingly durable;Some of these houses have a predicted lifespan of five hundred years or more

   同义替换：「a very long」↔「five hundred years or more」，「durable」↔「long」

4. · easy to maintain

   · no noise from the 34_____ outside (big problem in many conventional homes)

   答案：traffic

   原文定位：Living underground also brings the advantage of a quieter environment, eliminating disturbances caused by traffic, an enormous problem these days and one of the most common reasons for people to consider moving home

   同义替换：「no noise」↔「eliminating disturbances」，「big」↔「enormous」

5. · health benefits from advanced methods of 35_____

   答案：ventilation

   原文定位：The sophistication of the ventilation systems installed in earth-sheltered houses brings enormous benefits to people suffering from asthma and other chest conditions

   同义替换：「health benefits」↔「brings enormous benefits to people suffering from asthma and other chest conditions」，「advanced」↔「sophistication」

6. Earth-sheltered housing in the UK:

   · no longer difficult to get planning permission

   · more likely to get approval for development in 36_____ areas

   · may replace mobile homes on the coast

   答案：conservation

   原文定位：There is quite a lot of evidence that building development offices are more sympathetic to earth-sheltered projects, especially in conservation areas

   同义替换：「more likely to get approval」↔「more sympathetic to earth-sheltered projects」

7. favourable reaction
   • Mole Manor
   • the Hockerton Project
   • both Mole Manor and the Hockerton Project

   答案：both Mole Manor and the Hockerton Project

   原文定位：When it was first built, Mole Manor generated international media interest and was voted one of the twelve most desirable places to live in the world in a national newspaper poll;Hockerton also attracted wide publicity, winning several awards for its innovative environmental design

8. self-sufficiency in energy
   • Mole Manor
   • the Hockerton Project
   • both Mole Manor and the Hockerton Project

   答案：the Hockerton Project

   原文定位：However, at Hockerton, solar energy, wind power, and rain are used to generate enough warmth, electricity for light and cooking, and water for washing and drinking for all the needs of the five families who live there. Their aim of living a holistic lifestyle in harmony with the environment has been realized

9. low building costs
   • Mole Manor
   • the Hockerton Project
   • both Mole Manor and the Hockerton Project

   答案：the Hockerton Project

   原文定位：Hockerton also proves that earth-sheltered houses can be built on a modest budget. Each of the families contributed eighty thousand pounds, the cost of an average family house in this area

   同义替换：「low building costs」↔「built on a modest budget」

10. luxurious accommodation
    • Mole Manor
    • the Hockerton Project
    • both Mole Manor and the Hockerton Project

    答案：Mole Manor

    原文定位：The homely terraced cottage style at Hockerton contrasts with the grandeur and space of Mole Manor, which today is worth over eight hundred thousand pounds