Vertical farming

文章大意

讲座讨论垂直农业这一替代传统耕作的新方案：在多层建筑或塔楼中分层种植作物，结合气雾栽培、水培等技术精准供给养分，不受温度、降雨、干旱、洪水等外部因素影响，以应对人口增长、耕地不足、水污染、石油依赖和化肥滥用等问题。

题目与答案

1. Problem connected to current farming methods

   · Insufficient space

   · Water used in 31_____ on farms becomes polluted.

   答案：irrigation

   原文定位：As you know, seventy percent of the world's fresh water is used up for irrigation, and as a result of contamination with pesticides and silt, it just becomes too polluted

2. · Heavy dependency on 32_____ to produce and transport crops.

   答案：oil

   原文定位：Then there's the fact that in order to mechanically harvest plants and export them by road or air, farming relies on huge quantities of oil

   同义替换：「Heavy dependency on」↔「relies on huge quantities of」，「produce crops」↔「mechanically harvest plants」，「transport crops」↔「export them by road or air」

3. · Continuous fluctuations in 33_____ prices.

   · Negative effect on the ecosystem of fertilizers made from chemicals.

   答案：food

   原文定位：Then you will undoubtedly have noticed the continual rise and fall in the cost of food in the last decade

   同义替换：「fluctuations」↔「rise and fall」，「prices」↔「cost」

4. Definition of the term “vertical farming”

   · Growing crops in multi-storey buildings

   Benefits of indoor farming of crops

   · The right amount of nutrients is provided.

   · Farm locations are not affected by 34_____ and rainfall.

   答案：temperature

   原文定位：It doesn't matter where these farms are situated, they're indoors, so external factors such as temperature and rainfall are irrelevant

   同义替换：「not affected by」↔「irrelevant」

5. · There is no damage caused by drought or 35_____ .

   答案：floods

   原文定位：Even if they occur, they won't destroy the crops, so things like drought or floods have no impact on harvests

   同义替换：「no damage」↔「have no impact on」

6. · There is reduced risk of 36_____ .

   答案：disease

   原文定位：But if your crops are inside, the likelihood of them getting a disease is minimized

   同义替换：「reduced」↔「minimized」

7. · Far less 37_____ is produced.

   答案：waste

   原文定位：Lastly, there's a lot of recycling going on in this kind of farm. So another great advantage is that with this type of farming, we can minimize the amount of waste being generated

   同义替换：「Far less」↔「minimize the amount of」，「is produced」↔「being generated」

8. Criticisms of vertical farming

   · The price of 38_____ will make farming expensive.

   答案：land

   原文定位：However, one thing that critics like to point out is the high cost of land in a city and say that it won't be economically viable to farm like this

   同义替换：「price」↔「cost」，「make farming expensive」↔「won't be economically viable」

9. · 39_____ energy is unreliable.

   答案：solar

   原文定位：Advocates of vertical farming believe that solar energy is the key, but critics doubt whether we can depend on this

   同义替换：「unreliable」↔「doubt whether we can depend on this」

10. · The structure of the farms may be damaged by the amount of 40_____ .

    答案：humidity

    原文定位：For example, they think that structural damage will soon occur due to the levels of humidity

    同义替换：「may be」↔「will soon occur」，「amount」↔「levels」