Science in the future

文章大意

一位讲师在科学史课程最后一讲中，介绍了一项针对30位科学领军人物所做的调查，请他们预测各自学科未来50年内可能出现的发展。讲座重点谈到计算机科学领域的自动化推理系统、人工智能，以及心理学研究的变化。

题目与答案

1. Science in the Future

   Scientists were asked to predict changes in their own field in the next 50 years.

   Computer Science

   The invention of computers is as significant as the discovery of how to create and use 31_____ .

   答案：fire

   原文定位：It could indeed be considered as being as momentous a development as when our predecessors in caves first learned to make fire and use it for all sorts of purposes

   同义替换：「as significant as」↔「as momentous a development as」，「create」↔「make」

2. Computer will be seen as being 32_____ .

   答案：intelligent

   原文定位：There was considerable agreement that people will increasingly perceive these computer systems as intelligent

   同义替换：「seen」↔「perceive」

3. Psychology

   Researcher will become much more 33_____ ,

   答案：varied

   原文定位：Their key point was that psychological research would inevitably become increasingly varied

   同义替换：「much more」↔「increasingly」

4. and also more practical since more 34_____ will be working in the field.

   答案：women

   原文定位：as increasing numbers of women become research scientists, so areas such as health, environment, family, and social identity will receive more attention

   同义替换：「more」↔「increasing numbers of」，「working in the field」↔「become research scientists」

5. Imaging devices will give information about the behaviour of the 35_____ .

   答案：brain

   原文定位：They will be assisted in this by imaging devices that will be inserted into the brain and provide a great deal of information about how it behaves

   同义替换：「give」↔「provide」

6. Genetics

   With increased life expectancy, it is important to consider the 36_____ of elderly people`s lives.

   答案：quality

   原文定位：However, today, geneticists emphasize that it is vital that the increasing number of the elderly in society must take quality of life into account

   同义替换：「consider」↔「account」

7. Knowledge of a person`s genome will indicate whether they are likely to be affected by a 37_____ .

   答案：disease

   原文定位：This information about our DNA enables healthcare providers to predict our likelihood of suffering from any particular disease

   同义替换：「genome」↔「DNA」，「indicate whether they are likely to be affected by」↔「predict our likelihood of suffering from」

8. The approach to treatment will be on an increasingly 38_____ basis.

   答案：personal

   原文定位：With such information in hand, new treatments will be developed and the current one-size-fits-all approach to healthcare will give way to a more personal approach

   同义替换：「increasingly」↔「more」，「basis」↔「approach」

9. Zoology

   People can explore the world satellite.

   For example, it is possible to see the effects of the destruction of 39_____ in East Africa.

   答案：forests

   原文定位：It is now possible, for instance, to go online and see for yourself the abundant wildlife in one part of East Africa and in the surrounding region, the harm people have done by destroying the forests, all supposedly in the name of development

   同义替换：「see the effects of the destruction of」↔「see the harm people have done by destroying」

10. Such increased awareness should enable us to do more to look after the 40_____ .

    答案：planet

    原文定位：They hope that we will learn to connect our minds to our hearts and apply this knowledge to help protect our planet

    同义替换：「Such increased awareness」↔「a greater understanding of the consequences」，「enable us to do more to look after」↔「help protect」