雅思阅读真题（Part 3）

Practical learning in the classroom

课堂里的实践学习：土坯建筑案例

本篇也叫：土坯建筑、泥砖房、夯土建筑、传统土建筑、土房子、Adobe建筑

Part 3 · 考频：中频 · 最近考试：2021.12.26

本篇为雅思阅读真题（Part 3）《Practical learning in the classroom》，共 14 题，2021.12.26雅思考试真题回忆，页面提供完整原文、题目、答案与解析，并支持在线机考模式免费练习。本页同时提供 Markdown 版本 供 AI 助手与搜索引擎直接读取。

文章大意

文章讲述中学艺术课堂引入建筑设计实践，重点介绍美国新墨西哥州祖尼镇中学生参与传统土坯建筑保护案例。传统土建筑用泥土、黏土和稻草等廉价易得材料，学生动手建造或修复土坯结构，实现体验式学习，并涉及传统建筑在工业化背景下的存续。

题目原文

A teacher describes a case study involving middle school students and traditional earthen architecture

 

A 

The way we think about architecture in schools has come a long way. Once, studying architecture in the art class meant learning to appreciate great buildings art-history style, through slide presentations. In recent years, though, the American Institute of Architects has fostered the idea that the process of architectural design, not just the appreciation of architecture, is a beneficial aspect of the art curriculum (Sandler, 1989).

 

B 

The value of architectural design is that it is the concrete training ground for a broadly applicable creative process. Architectural training can help people design structures to meet needs. It can help teachers design lessons to meet needs, help representatives design laws to meet needs, or help farmers design crop rotations to meet needs. Furthermore, it provides hands-on experiences that reinforce learning in various other subjects, from math to social studies.

 

C 

In the ongoing dialogue about architecture in one middle school art curriculum, many believe students should actually build the structures they design in their courses. Although the technology and expertise required of modern architecture can prohibit students from actually realizing their designs, traditional architectural materials and methods remain quite accessible to the art classroom. Traditional architectural materials, such as earth, clay and straw, are cheap, easy to work with and readily available. Further, when students participate in the construction or preservation of a traditional earthen structure in their local community, they engage in a form of experiential learning and they are motivated to invest in the project. This is evident in a case study of an adobe conservation project with middle school students in the town of Zuni, New Mexico, in the Southwestern United States.

 

D 

Traditional architecture reaches back to preindustrial America, when local resources and cultures produced structures in styles unique to each region. In New Mexico, examples of hand-built earthen structures still abound. The region has seen some decline in traditional architecture as industrialization has brought new building codes and materials; however, the traditional, non-industrial home, either preserved from earlier generations or newly built, remains in use. Traditional building materials and the land that supplies them are so accessible that handcrafting a house still remains feasible.

 

E 

Thus, with no technical expertise and little cost, middle school students can participate in the construction or preservation of a traditional earthen structure. During the project, a student will get to know the materials, understand the chemistry, solve problems, work with classmates, and exercise muscles. The student can apply knowledge of design principles and the creative process while participating in a cooperative effort. But most significantly, this type of project-based activity motivates students to invest intellectually.

 

F 

The benefits extend beyond academic knowledge. Students develop a tangible connection to their local heritage and environment. They learn the value of sustainable, low-impact building practices and gain respect for craftsmanship. Such projects can foster community pride and intergenerational learning when local elders or artisans share their knowledge. While modern construction techniques dominate the professional world, the educational power of traditional, hands-on building offers a unique way to teach problem-solving, teamwork, and cultural appreciation in a manner that is both engaging and deeply meaningful. 

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题目与答案

  1. The Value of Architecture in Education
    Historically, architecture was taught through 27_____ presentations focusing on appreciation.

    答案：slide

    原文定位：Once, studying architecture in the art class meant learning to appreciate great buildings art-history style, through slide presentations

    同义替换：「Historically」↔「Once」，「taught」↔「studying」

  2. Now, the focus has shifted to the design 28_____ itself.

    答案：process

    原文定位：the idea that the process of architectural design, not just the appreciation of architecture, is a beneficial aspect of the art curriculum

    同义替换：「now」↔「in recent years」

  3. This process is valuable as it trains a broadly applicable creative skill. In middle school, there is a belief that students should 29_____ their designs.

    答案：build

    原文定位：many believe students should actually build the structures they design in their courses

    同义替换：「belief」↔「believe」

  4. Modern architecture is often too complex, but 30_____ materials like earth and clay are accessible.

    答案：traditional

    原文定位：Although the technology and expertise required of modern architecture can prohibit students from actually realizing their designs, traditional architectural materials and methods remain quite accessible to the art classroom

  5. A case study in Zuni, New Mexico, involved students in an 31_____ conservation project.

    答案：adobe

    原文定位：This is evident in a case study of an adobe conservation project with middle school students in the town of Zuni, New Mexico

  6. 32 The American Institute of Architects believes only the appreciation of architecture should be part of the art curriculum.
    • YES
    • NO
    • NOT GIVEN

    答案：NO

    原文定位：the American Institute of Architects has fostered the idea that the process of architectural design, not just the appreciation of architecture, is a beneficial aspect of the art curriculum

    同义替换：「only」↔「not just」，「part」↔「aspect」

  7. 33 Architectural design skills can only be applied to designing buildings.
    • YES
    • NO
    • NOT GIVEN

    答案：NO

    原文定位：Architectural training can help people design structures to meet needs. It can help teachers design lessons;help representatives design laws;help farmers design crop rotations

    同义替换：「applied to」↔「used in」，「skills」↔「training」

  8. 34 Traditional earthen architecture has completely disappeared in New Mexico.
    • YES
    • NO
    • NOT GIVEN

    答案：NO

    原文定位：In New Mexico, examples of hand-built earthen structures still abound;however, the traditional, non-industrial home;remains in use

    同义替换：「completely disappeared」↔「still abound」，「traditional」↔「hand-built」，「architecture」↔「structures」

  9. 35 The main advantage of using traditional materials in school projects is their low cost and availability.
    • YES
    • NO
    • NOT GIVEN

    答案：NOT GIVEN

    原文定位：Traditional architectural materials, such as earth, clay and straw, are cheap, easy to work with and readily available

  10. 36 What is the main purpose of the first paragraph?
    • To criticize old teaching methods.
    • To show how architecture education has changed.
    • To list famous architectural works.
    • To promote the American Institute of Architects.

    答案：To show how architecture education has changed.

    原文定位：The way we think about architecture in schools has come a long way. Once;In recent years, though

  11. 37 According to the passage why are traditional building methods suitable for school projects?
    • They require advanced technical expertise.
    • They are cheap, easy, and connect students to local heritage.
    • They are the most modern construction techniques.
    • They are mandated by new building codes.

    答案：They are cheap, easy, and connect students to local heritage.

    原文定位：Traditional architectural materials;are cheap, easy to work with and readily available;Students develop a tangible connection to their local heritage and environment

  12. 38 The writer mentions that students "exercise muscles" to emphasize that the project involves
    • Physical education classes.
    • Physical, as well as intellectual, engagement.
    • Training for professional construction work.
    • The need for students to be very strong.

    答案：Physical, as well as intellectual, engagement.

    原文定位：During the project, a student will get to know the materials, understand the chemistry, solve problems, work with classmates, and exercise muscles

  13. 39 What is described as the "most significant" benefit of such projects for students?
    • They learn specific chemistry facts.
    • They become motivated to invest intellectually.
    • They get to work outdoors.
    • They can avoid other school subjects.

    答案：They become motivated to invest intellectually.

    原文定位：But most significantly, this type of project-based activity motivates students to invest intellectually

    同义替换：「benefit」↔「motivates students to invest intellectually」

  14. 40 What broader benefit is mentioned in the final paragraph?
    • Students learn to dislike modern architecture.
    • Students develop a connection to local heritage and sustainability.
    • Students are guaranteed jobs in architecture.
    • Such projects are cheaper than all other teaching methods.

    答案：Students develop a connection to local heritage and sustainability.

    原文定位：Students develop a tangible connection to their local heritage and environment. They learn the value of sustainable, low-impact building practices

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