Water shortage in Australia

文章大意

讲座讨论澳大利亚水资源严重短缺问题，指出澳洲是除南极洲外最干燥的大陆，近年风向改变导致降雨落入海中。讲座还提到生活用水主要用于洗澡和冲厕而非饮用，并分析雨水、地下水、河流湖泊等水源的获取与污染问题。

题目与答案

1. 31 This paper pertains to one major concern about water for people everywhere-that is a _____ source of water.

   答案：safe and reliable

   原文定位：Seriously, though, a safe and reliable source of water is one of the great concerns of people everywhere

2. Australia is a dry continent and thus water is very 32_____ .

   答案：scarce

   原文定位：As noted already, here down under, the water supply is extremely scarce

   同义替换：「very」↔「extremely」

3. We utilised the most water for 33_____ .

   答案：washing

   原文定位：Certainly everyone needs water for drinking, but surprising as it may sound, drinking is not anywhere near being the main use for water. Most water is actually used for washing

   同义替换：「utilised the most water」↔「Most water is actually used」

4. We discover the purest water in rivers,creeks, 34_____ .

   答案：lakes

   原文定位：The purest water is found in rivers, creeks, lakes, and dams

   同义替换：「discover」↔「found」

5. Rainfall is a useful source of water unless there is significant 35_____ .

   答案：air pollution

   原文定位：Speaking of rain, we already heard how rainfall is diminishing here in Oceania;a further problem is that rain is a useful source of water only if air pollution is fairly mild

   同义替换：「unless there is significant」↔「only if air pollution is fairly mild」

6. People in the west wish the water to be 36_____ .

   答案：pure and safe

   原文定位：This is becoming a huge concern for people in the West who want their water to be pure and safe

   同义替换：「wish」↔「want」

7. Water is highly prone to 37_____ .

   答案：contamination

   原文定位：Whatever the source of water, we can never afford to forget that all water is highly vulnerable to contamination

   同义替换：「prone」↔「vulnerable」

8. In the home, one of the most important uses of water is 38_____ .

   答案：for drinking

   原文定位：As humans and all other animals need water to survive, it's no surprise to us that one of the most important domestic uses of water is for drinking

   同义替换：「home」↔「domestic」

9. 39 The mechanisms for water management are
   • inadequate
   • nearly adequate
   • admirable

   答案：inadequate

   原文定位：So the mechanisms for water management are, in a word, insufficient

   同义替换：「inadequate」↔「insufficient」

10. 40 The government`s 1989 White Paper
    • caused a concern
    • is unreliable
    • is inconclusive

    答案：is unreliable

    原文定位：The basis for the government's water policy is the nineteen eighty-nine white paper reporting on water use present and future. If you compare the numbers offered in the paper with those in the text, you'll find that the report is rather untrustworthy

    同义替换：「unreliable」↔「untrustworthy」