雅思阅读真题（Part 3）
艺术训练提升工程师沟通能力
本篇也叫：艺术训练工程师、工程师沟通技巧、CONNECT项目、艺术课程工程师、工程师软技能、库珀联盟艺术课
Part 3 · 考频：超高频 · 最近考试：2017.2.18
本篇为雅思阅读真题（Part 3）《Art-based training for engineers》，共 14 题，2017.2.18雅思考试真题回忆，页面提供完整原文、题目、答案与解析，并支持在线机考模式免费练习。本页同时提供 Markdown 版本 供 AI 助手与搜索引擎直接读取。
文章介绍库珀联盟工程学院CONNECT项目，用戏剧等艺术训练提升工程师沟通能力。指出工程师常因假设听众懂行而产生“听众鸿沟”，项目通过舞台动作分析、发声肢体练习和导演技巧，帮助技术毕业生改善与客户、同事交流及面试表现，评估显示参与者更自信成熟。
An assessment of how effective an art-based program was in improving the communication skills of engineers.
A
The CONNECT Program in the Engineering School of The Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art has served as a laboratory for testing the effectiveness of art-based learning for technical graduates.
B
Our underlying concept with CONNECT is that most communication breakdowns involving engineers happen because they know every aspect of their subject matter and assume that others do too. Engineers spend a great deal of time ensuring their work is accurate, and their solutions to engineering problems are workable, meet official requirements, are environmentally sound, and so on. They are persuaded by sound content. Others may not be.
C
Communicating with an audience is essentially a social skill with a behavioral basis. A fact that becomes all too apparent when one's audience has a divergent set of assumptions. Failing to understand your audience opens up an 'audience gap'. To give engineering graduates the skills to close this gap, CONNECT turned to the theatre. Performing artists specialize in the effective communication of any content—good, bad, or indifferent—through vocal, physical, and socially appropriate behaviors keyed to a particular audience. CONNECT applied stage movement analysis to interaction with clients, meetings with colleagues, and job interviews. It also made use of vocal and physical exercises and directing techniques, to equip technical personnel for the everyday communication challenges they face, as well as for formal talks.
D
Attending workshops based on the CONNECT model resulted in observably improved behaviors. Our data demonstrate that, while not every engineer is likely to become a great communicator, almost all are capable of becoming better communicators. In a survey of corporate recruiters, potential employees who had taken one or more CONNECT workshops were rated higher overall in areas such as confidence and maturity than those who had not participated in CONNECT. Those who had taken a range of workshops, including one in advanced non-verbal behavior, were rated even higher. These results were achieved after mixed early assessment results led us to significantly refine our methods.
E
Just as important to the improvements we saw after the first year was an adjustment to how we approached the students themselves. We needed to practice what we preached, and that meant understanding our own audience of young engineers. We needed to behave in ways that would get through to them. Too often in early workshops, our performer-facilitators assumed that a technical audience would respond to theatrical training material in the same positive way that performers did. However, we came to realize that technical audiences need to be approached differently if arts-based training is to achieve its full potential.
F
Adjusting our approach to achieve this was key to the improvement in results. Changing how we behaved toward our audience of young engineers required real sensitivity to what was happening in the workshops, and to how our facilitators related to the students. What we learned during this process can be distilled into 'rules' for maximizing the effectiveness of performing-arts-based training in a technical field.
G
There are at least three approaches possible for facilitating a workshop, and the final 'rule' is to incorporate these in the most appropriate way. The 'prescriptive' approach tells trainees what is necessary, the 'experiential' approach lets them personally experience what happens when a new element is added to a situation, and the 'demonstrative' approach requires them to observe certain ways of doing things. The prescriptive approach, although the engineers tended to expect it, was by far the least effective, while the experiential approach met resistance because the purpose of the exercise was not always immediately obvious. The demonstrative approach, on the other hand, mirrors the way technical objects are accomplished, which is to solve problems through testing and observation. The observation of effective and ineffective communication behaviors in others proved to be a good way of demonstrating the options available to everyone.
These 'rules' are, of course, only a starting point. We have learned to apply them both rigorously and with flexibility. At the Engineering School of The Cooper Union, customization meant establishing a mini-conservatory. We have learned that you can't close someone else's audience gap without looking at things from their perspective. In another setting, playing to the technical audience might require a completely different sort of customization and a subtly different set of training behaviors. What CONNECT has shown is that knowing one's audience—and knowing it specifically rather than generally - is fundamental.
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答案：G failures
原文定位：Our underlying concept with CONNECT is that most communication breakdowns involving engineers happen because they know every aspect of their subject matter and assume that others do too
答案：B details
原文定位：Our underlying concept with CONNECT is that most communication breakdowns involving engineers happen because they know every aspect of their subject matter and assume that others do too
答案：F expectations
原文定位：Communicating with an audience is essentially a social skill with a behavioral basis. A fact that becomes all too apparent when one's audience has a divergent set of assumptions
答案：D regulations
原文定位：Engineers spend a great deal of time ensuring their work is accurate, and their solutions to engineering problems are workable, meet official requirements, are environmentally sound, and so on
答案：I tools
原文定位：CONNECT applied stage movement analysis to interaction with clients, meetings with colleagues, and job interviews. It also made use of vocal and physical exercises and directing techniques, to equip technical personnel for the everyday communication challenges they face, as well as for formal talks
答案：A presentations
原文定位：It also made use of vocal and physical exercises and directing techniques, to equip technical personnel for the everyday communication challenges they face, as well as for formal talks
答案：NO
原文定位：Our data demonstrate that, while not every engineer is likely to become a great communicator, almost all are capable of becoming better communicators
答案：NOT GIVEN
原文定位：In a survey of corporate recruiters, potential employees who had taken one or more CONNECT workshops were rated higher overall in areas such as confidence and maturity than those who had not participated in CONNECT. Those who had taken a range of workshops, including one in advanced non-verbal behavior, were rated even higher
答案：YES
原文定位：These results were achieved after mixed early assessment results led us to significantly refine our methods
答案：YES
原文定位：Too often in early workshops, our performer-facilitators assumed that a technical audience would respond to theatrical training material in the same positive way that performers did. However, we came to realize that technical audiences need to be approached differently if arts-based training is to achieve its full potential
答案：C explaining the context in which the rules for effective training were arrived at.
原文定位：Just as important to the improvements we saw after the first year was an adjustment to how we approached the students themselves;we came to realize that technical audiences need to be approached differently if arts-based training is to achieve its full potential;Adjusting our approach to achieve this was key to the improvement in results;What we learned during this process can be distilled into 'rules' for maximizing the effectiveness of performing-arts-based training in a technical field
答案：C The engineers were initially unconvinced of their value.
原文定位：the experiential approach met resistance because the purpose of the exercise was not always immediately obvious
答案：A It complemented the way the technical graduates usually worked.
原文定位：The demonstrative approach, on the other hand, mirrors the way technical objects are accomplished, which is to solve problems through testing and observation
答案：B The facilitators had to put into practice what they were attempting to teach.
原文定位：We have learned that you can't close someone else's audience gap without looking at things from their perspective