The antikythera mechanism

文章大意

文章介绍安提基特拉机械，即世界上已知最古老的机械计算机。它1900年在希腊安提基特拉岛附近海底沉船中被发现，能计算太阳、月亮和行星在过去或未来任意日期的位置，改变了人们对古希腊和科学史的认识。讲座还提到用圆顶成像设备和Blade Runner X射线机等现代技术研究其铭文与内部结构。

题目与答案

1. The Antikythera Mechanism

   The world`s oldest mechanical computer

   Background

   - discovered in the sea off the Greek Island

   - found in the 31_____ of a sunken ship

   答案：cargo

   原文定位：It was in the cargo of a ship that sank about two thousand one hundred years ago

2. - divers took the discovered items to the museum

   - An object thought to be a block of 32_____ was sort of mechanism

   答案：rock

   原文定位：One item was assumed to be a lump of rock

   同义替换：「block」↔「lump」，「thought」↔「assumed」

3. The Dome

   - can take photographs with a 33_____ coming from different angles

   答案：light

   原文定位：One machine called a dome can surround a sample and take photographs with the light coming from slightly different angles

4. - has made the 34_____ on the mechanism clearer

   答案：inscriptions

   原文定位：This has made far more of the inscriptions on the mechanism legible

   同义替换：「clearer」↔「legible」

5. The Blade Runner

   - was initially made to check engines for 35_____

   答案：cracks

   原文定位：The Blade Runner was originally designed to examine engines for cracks

   同义替换：「initially made」↔「originally designed」，「check」↔「examine」

6. - made up of at least 30 micro gear wheels

   - the mechanism was set in a 36_____ frame

   答案：wood

   原文定位：The mechanism is thought to have been mounted in a frame for which wood was used

   同义替换：「set in」↔「mounted in」

7. Applications

   - the device can operate a 37_____ to control the gear wheels

   答案：handle

   原文定位：The person using the device simply rotated a handle to operate the gear wheels

   同义替换：「operate」↔「rotate」，「control」↔「operate」

8. - an 38_____ can be predicted by the mechanism

   答案：eclipse

   原文定位：the mechanism also showed when an eclipse was going to take place

   同义替换：「can be predicted」↔「was going to take place」

9. - helped the timing of agricultural and religious festivals

   - functioned as an events 39_____

   答案：calendar

   原文定位：The mechanism probably also helped in planning the timing of festivals;by acting as a kind of calendar of events

   同义替换：「functioned」↔「acting」

10. 13th to 14th Century

    - technology have spread in western Europe

    - many 40_____ were made to provide astronomical information and tell the time

    答案：clocks

    原文定位：Around the thirteenth or fourteenth century, knowledge of the technology seems to have reached Western Europe, and a large number of clocks were made, providing astronomical information as well as showing the time of day

    同义替换：「many」↔「large number」，「and」↔「as well as」