Textile industry in the UK

文章大意

讲座介绍英国纺织与服装业百年变迁：20世纪上半叶就业达150万峰值，后因海外竞争大量工厂倒闭，大公司转为分销商；如今多为十人以下小企业，户外功能性面料研发兴起，女装占市场主流，男装童装增长。

题目与答案

1. Textile industry in the UK

   Twentieth century

   · in the UK the industry employed 31_____ people

   答案：1.5 million

   原文定位：In the first half of the twentieth century, employment in the industry reached a peak at one point five million

2. · many companies were family-owned

   · competition from abroad led to closure of 32_____ facilities by larger companies

   答案：production

   原文定位：Most of those larger clothing companies that managed to carry on closed all their facilities for production and became distributors of clothing rather than manufacturers

   同义替换：「led to closure of」↔「closed all their facilities for」

3. Today

   · most sales are of clothing for 33_____

   答案：women

   原文定位：Nowadays, the majority of turnover in the fashion market is in clothes made for women

   同义替换：「most sales」↔「majority of turnover」

4. · research into textiles used in 34_____ clothing

   答案：outdoor

   原文定位：Over the last twenty years, there has been investment in research into textiles suitable for outdoor clothes

   同义替换：「used in」↔「suitable for」

5. 35 What point is made about jobs in the textile industry in the UK today?
   • more people are employed in clothing than in textiles
   • most jobs are dependent on the export market
   • most companies employ a small number of people

   答案：most companies employ a small number of people

   原文定位：The difference is today that there are hardly any large companies, and most people work for businesses with between one and ten people

6. 36 What change in graduate recruitment for the textile industry has taken place?
   • there is increased demand for linguistic abilities
   • there are more job opportunities in design
   • there are new opening for engineers

   答案：there is increased demand for linguistic abilities

   原文定位：There has always been recruitment amongst engineers, and that continues, but globalization has also opened up opportunities for those fluent in foreign languages, so those are skills you could develop

   同义替换：「change」↔「opened up opportunities」，「linguistic abilities」↔「fluent in foreign languages」

7. A textile technologist
   • overseeing the manufacturing process
   • designing new fashions
   • setting up displays in shops
   • deciding how many of each product to put on sale
   • dealing with customers` complaints
   • identifying the latest fabric trends

   答案：identifying the latest fabric trends

   原文定位：Some of you might be interested in being a textile technologist;They are employed by fashion retailers or suppliers, and they work with the fabrics used to make clothing. They're responsible for checking on new developments in materials and sometimes producing them themselves

   同义替换：「identifying the latest fabric trends」↔「checking on new developments in materials」

8. an operations manager
   • overseeing the manufacturing process
   • designing new fashions
   • setting up displays in shops
   • deciding how many of each product to put on sale
   • dealing with customers` complaints
   • identifying the latest fabric trends

   答案：overseeing the manufacturing process

   原文定位：If you prefer to be at the other end of the production process, being an operations manager might appeal to you. They are in charge of the coordination production from fabric to finished piece of clothing

   同义替换：「overseeing the manufacturing process」↔「 in charge of the coordination production」

9. a merchandiser
   • overseeing the manufacturing process
   • designing new fashions
   • setting up displays in shops
   • deciding how many of each product to put on sale
   • dealing with customers` complaints
   • identifying the latest fabric trends

   答案：deciding how many of each product to put on sale

   原文定位：Merchandisers decide what quantities of a range of clothes or whatever to stock in individual shops, and they have control of a large budget

   同义替换：「how many of each product to put on sale」↔「what quantities of a range of clothes or whatever to stock」

10. a visual merchandiser
    • overseeing the manufacturing process
    • designing new fashions
    • setting up displays in shops
    • deciding how many of each product to put on sale
    • dealing with customers` complaints
    • identifying the latest fabric trends

    答案：setting up displays in shops

    原文定位：A visual merchandiser is responsible for the look of a store. They decide what is going to be on show, both in the window and inside the shop

    同义替换：「setting up displays in shops」↔「decide what is going to be on show, both in the window and inside the shop」