Reintroducing the beaver population to Britain

文章大意

英国曾遍布河狸，因皮毛、肉和腺体分泌物（用于药品、香水及皮革防水）被大量捕猎而消失。如今保护者推动在选定栖息地重新引入河狸，但面临非法捕猎等挑战，需法律框架保护。文章还介绍河狸扁平的尾巴用于游泳、平衡和调节体温，以及幼年河狸像候鸟一样迁移建立新领地。

题目与答案

1. Background

   ·Beavers were once native to Britain but were hunted extensively for their fur, meat, and a substance used in 31_____ .

   答案：transport

   原文定位：This substance was not only used in medicines and perfumes, but also played a key role in transport industries, as it was an essential component in waterproofing leather goods

   同义替换：「a substance used in」↔「played a key role in」

2. ·One of the key concerns about reintroducing beavers is ensuring their long-term 32_____ from illegal hunting and predators.

   答案：protection

   原文定位：implement legal frameworks that will offer beavers protection from threats in the long run, including both human activities and natural predators

   同义替换：「long-term」↔「in the long run」，「ensuring」↔「offer」，「from illegal hunting and predators」↔「protection from threats」

3. ·The beaver`s 33_____ plays an important role in regulating its body temperature and helping it swim efficiently.

   答案：tail

   原文定位：It assists in swimming, provides balance, and even helps regulate body temperature. This feature, which is broad, flat, and covered in scales, allows them to navigate water efficiently while also acting as a heat regulator. This crucial adaptation is, of course, their tail. As these animals spread across different landscapes, they gradually establish new territories

   同义替换：「plays an important role」↔「crucial」，「helping」↔「assists」

4. Ecological Impact

   ·The movement of beavers across different water systems is often compared to seasonal 34_____ seen in other animal species.

   答案：migration

   原文定位：Similar to birds that relocate seasonally, beavers display a type of migration, particularly when young individuals leave their original colonies to form new groups in distant areas

   同义替换：「movement」↔「spread」，「compared」↔「similar」，「animal species」↔「birds」

5. ·A secretion from beavers was historically used in 35_____ production due to its strong scent.

   答案：perfume

   原文定位：Before synthetic alternatives were developed, this beaver-derived compound was commonly used in the manufacturing of perfume, as its scent had long-lasting properties that helped stabilize fragrances

   同义替换：「secretion」↔「substance」，「scent 」↔「fragrances」

6. ·Some people opposed beaver reintroduction, claiming that their dam-building activities might cause 36_____ for local communities.

   答案：headaches

   原文定位：Many fear that such changes in river systems could create unwanted complications, leading to headaches for communities that rely on stable water levels for irrigation or infrastructure

   同义替换：「opposed」↔「fear」，「cause」↔「leading to」，「communities」↔「residents」

7. Environmental Benefits

   ·The presence of beavers in an area has been linked to an increase in 37_____ as people visit to observe these animals.

   答案：tourism

   原文定位：This increase in nature-based travel has helped stimulate tourism, benefiting nearby communities financially

   同义替换：「linked to」↔「contributed to」，「increase in」↔「stimulate」

8. ·Beaver dams can help prevent 38_____ by slowing down water flow and storing excess rainwater.

   答案：flood

   原文定位：Their natural engineering skills assist in reducing the risk of flood, as their dams act as barriers that store excess rainwater and release it gradually over time

   同义替换：「help prevent」↔「reducing the risk of」

9. · The ponds created by beaver activity improve water quality by reducing 39_____ levels, benefiting local ecosystems.

   答案：nitrogen

   原文定位：By lowering the concentration of nitrogen, beaver activity helps prevent water pollution and supports a more balanced environment

   同义替换：「reducing」↔「lowering」，「levels」↔「concentration」

10. ·Beavers contribute to biodiversity by creating habitats for fish, birds, and 40_____, which thrive in their modified environments.

    答案：insects

    原文定位：Additionally, their presence supports the survival of numerous tiny organisms that form the base of the food chain. Among the most abundant of these are insects, which thrive in the damp, nutrient-rich environments that beaver-modified landscapes offer

    同义替换：「contribute」↔「supports」，「biodiversity」↔「survival」，「environments」↔「landscapes」