雅思阅读真题（Part 1）
肖维洞穴旧石器时代壁画
本篇也叫：肖维岩洞壁画、肖维洞穴壁画、法国洞穴壁画、旧石器洞穴艺术、史前洞穴壁画、肖维岩洞
Part 1 · 考频：中频 · 最近考试：2025.12.8北京理工大学
本篇为雅思阅读真题（Part 1）《Paleolithic cave art》，共 13 题，2025.12.8北京理工大学雅思考试真题回忆，页面提供完整原文、题目、答案与解析，并支持在线机考模式免费练习。本页同时提供 Markdown 版本 供 AI 助手与搜索引擎直接读取。
文章介绍法国南部肖维洞穴发现的旧石器时代壁画，距今约3.1万年，比拉斯科洞穴更古老。壁画除马、野牛等猎物外，还描绘狮子、熊、犀牛等猛兽，挑战了洞穴艺术主要为确保猎物丰盛的旧理论。洞内还有“巫师”形象、熊头骨祭坛及人类与熊的足迹等遗迹。
A
Students of art history tend to be familiar with the image of horses and bison discovered in the famous cave art site in Lascaux, France, in 1940. Less well known but vitally important to understanding Ice Age art and culture is the art discovered by three cave explorers in the Chauvet Cave near Vallon-Pont-d’Arc in Southern France 1994.
B
The Cauvat cave hosts one of the largest group of Paleolithic drawings yet discovered on one site, as well as the fossilised remains of a number of now extinct animals. The art found in the Chauvet Cave differs from that found in the most other European cave differs from that found in the most other European cave art sites, which primarily feature prey animals such as horses, bison, wild cattle, and reindeer. The Chauvet paintings include many animals that humans would have feared: panthers, bears, lions, hyenas, and rhinoceroses. While, the Chauvet paintings also include many species that would have been hunted by the artists - horses, aurochs, bison, and extinct species of moose and deer - the presence of non-prey animals calls into question a common theory that the primary purpose of cave art was to magically ensure plentiful game. Perhaps the discovery of the Chauvet art points to a shift in emphasis from the hunters’ predators to the hunters’ prey over time, but more evidence is needed.
C
Carbon-14 dating has established three of the paintings (one bison and two rhinoceroses) as being 31,000 years old. This discovery pushes the common understanding of the date range for European cave art much further back than what had been assumed. It has also clearly disproved theories that earlier cave art was cruder and more primitive because these older images are equally sophisticated in execution.
D
In addition to the hundreds of animal paintings, the Chauvet cave also has an image of a being, referred to as the Sorcerer, with the body of a human and the head of a bison. There is also part of an image of a woman. In addition, explorers found the skull of a cave bear placed on a squared-off altar like rock. The cave had been untouched for thousands of years due to a rock slide that had sealed off the cave; the floor of the cave contains the footprints of humans and cave bears, and fire pits, stone tools, remnants of torches, and bones from meals. After scientists collected data and recorded images, the site was placed off-limits to prevent the damage that has occurred at many other caves known for their rock art.
E
Ice Age paintings in certain European caves have been externally well preserved and have reached iconic status because of their beauty and the artists’ skill in execution. As a result, many people assume that the art of early hunters and gatherers was limited to cave paintings. While the artwork in the deep caves has been the best preserved, artwork was also done on the walls of rock shelters and on rock faces out in open light. Paleolithic artists not only painted with pigments but also created engravings by scratching designs into rock with pointed tools, as well as creating low-relief sculpture. Often the artists seemed to have seen a suggestion of an animal's shape in a rock, and then added detail through incising lines, incorporating clay, or applying pigment. In addition to animal images, most sites also have geometrical designs, including dots and quadrangles. Archeologists 1 have also discovered small sculpted figures from the same time period.
F
Images of hands, created either by wetting the palm of the hand with paint and pressing the hand onto rock or by applying paint around the hand, perhaps by spitting pigment from the mouth, are common. However, full images of humans are rare in the European caves. Images combining human and animal elements such as the Chauvet cave Sorcerer have been found in various sites as having partial images of women, but portrayals of a full human are few and far between, and they tend to be simple abstract depictions. Most of the animal images, on the other hand, are detailed, realistic portrayals of an individual animal species, not simply an abstract symbol meant to depict an animal such as a horse or bison.
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答案：more well known.
原文定位：Students of art history tend to be familiar with the image of horses and bison discovered in the famous cave art site in Lascaux, France, in 1940. Less well known but vitally important to understanding Ice Age art and culture is the art discovered;in the Chauvet Cave
同义替换：「more well known」↔「Less well known」
答案：geometrical designs
原文定位：In addition to animal images, most sites also have geometrical designs, including dots and quadrangles
同义替换：「As well as」↔「In addition to」
答案：hands
原文定位：Images of hands, created either by wetting the palm of the hand with paint and pressing the hand onto rock;are common
同义替换：「Pictures」↔「Images」，「made」↔「created」
答案：human
原文定位：However, full images of humans are rare in the European caves;portrayals of a full human are few and far between
同义替换：「unusual」↔「rare」，「image」↔「portrayals」
答案：detailed|realistic
原文定位：Most of the animal images, on the other hand, are detailed, realistic portrayals of an individual animal species, not simply an abstract symbol meant to depict an animal
同义替换：「Rather than」↔「not simply」，「paintings」↔「images」，「images」↔「portrayals」
答案：it includes images of predatory animals.
原文定位：The Chauvet paintings include many animals that humans would have feared: panthers, bears, lions, hyenas, and rhinoceroses
同义替换：「predatory animals」↔「animals that humans would have feared」
答案：it was meant to bring animals to be hunted.
原文定位：the presence of non-prey animals calls into question a common theory that the primary purpose of cave art was to magically ensure plentiful game
同义替换：「belief」↔「theory」，「function」↔「primary purpose」，「meant to bring animals to be hunted」↔「magically ensure plentiful game」
答案：more sophisticated in subject matter.
原文定位：It has also clearly disproved theories that earlier cave art was cruder and more primitive because these older images are equally sophisticated in execution
同义替换：「more sophisticated in subject matter」↔「equally sophisticated in execution」
答案：a part-human, part-animal being.
原文定位：the Chauvet cave also has an image of a being, referred to as the Sorcerer, with the body of a human and the head of a bison
同义替换：「part-human, part-animal being」↔「body of a human and the head of a bison」
答案：implements made of stone
原文定位：the floor of the cave contains the footprints of humans and cave bears, and fire pits, stone tools, remnants of torches, and bones from meals
同义替换：「implements made of stone」↔「stone tools」
答案：the entrance was blocked by rocks.
原文定位：The cave had been untouched for thousands of years due to a rock slide that had sealed off the cave
同义替换：「No humans had visited for」↔「untouched」，「because」↔「due to」，「blocked」↔「sealed」
答案：cave
原文定位：many people assume that the art of early hunters and gatherers was limited to cave paintings
同义替换：「believe 」↔「assume」
答案：engravings
原文定位：Paleolithic artists not only painted with pigments but also created engravings by scratching designs into rock with pointed tools, as well as creating low-relief sculpture
同义替换：「make」↔「created」