How your dinner affects the environment

文章大意

讲座讨论食物生产消费对环境的危害，重点分析二氧化碳排放来源：牲畜、农业土壤和水稻种植，并以咖啡豆、红肉为例说明碳足迹；还涉及烹饪、食品包装和长途运输造成的资源浪费与温室气体排放，以及可持续农业的应对措施。

题目与答案

1. Food Industry

   The amount of CO2 from producing our daily meals is the same as that from 31_____ .

   答案：driving

   原文定位：The carbon dioxide emissions from the production of the food people consume every day are almost the same as the emissions we make when we are driving

   同义替换：「meals」↔「food」，「daily」↔「every day」

2. The process of making 100g 32_____ beans can result in 140g CO2.

   答案：coffee

   原文定位：The cultivation and processing of one hundred grams of coffee beans are responsible for one hundred and forty grams of carbon dioxide

   同义替换：「result in」↔「responsible for」

3. The 33_____ production process contributes to climate and warming emissions.

   答案：meat

   原文定位：Some of the environmental effects are associated with meat production. The popular red meat requires twenty-eight times more land to produce than chicken, eleven times more water, and results in five times more climate warming emissions

   同义替换：「contributes to」↔「results in」

4. Scientists are working on reducing the impact of 34_____ process.

   答案：cooking

   原文定位：According to another research, cooking process also causes greenhouse gas emissions. Scientists now are working on how to best minimize its impact

   同义替换：「reducing」↔「minimize」

5. Packaging needs 35_____ as well as water and other resources for production.

   答案：energy

   原文定位：Another problem that we cannot neglect is the packaging of food products, as packaging takes a lot of energy, water, and other natural resources to produce

   同义替换：「needs」↔「takes」

6. Long distance 36_____ leads to more pollution.

   答案：transportation

   原文定位：The transportation of our food across long distances contributes to air and water pollution

   同义替换：「leads to」↔「contributes to」

7. Due to the damage of 37_____, the total amount of CO2 increases greatly.

   答案：forests

   原文定位：Hundreds and even thousands of forests have been cut down. It had a devastating effect on the climate because forests can absorb greenhouse gases

   同义替换：「damage」↔「cut down」

8. Agriculture

   Livestock are either kept on farms or on a 38_____ in different parts of the world.

   答案：mountain

   原文定位：In most countries, cows and other livestock are kept on the farms, while in some countries they are kept in a restricted area on a mountain

   同义替换：「different parts of the world」↔「most countries」

9. In animal agriculture, 39_____ required constantly.

   答案：food

   原文定位：And for animal agriculture, the problem can be more serious because the livestock need food all the time

   同义替换：「required」↔「need」，「constantly」↔「all the time」

10. Some agricultural activities like 40_____ are unlikely to be changed.

    答案：fishing

    原文定位：Some other areas of agriculture are very hard to change, such as fishing

    同义替换：「unlikely」↔「hard」