Archaeological use of metal detectors（机经听写）

文章大意

文章讨论考古学家与金属探测器使用者（detectorists）之间的利益冲突。调查显示博物馆仅获知探测者每年发现的数十万文物中的一小部分，文物被取走导致考古遗址信息丢失。部分考古学家反对金属探测，另一些则认可其贡献，双方在遗址保护上逐渐合作。探测者最重要的发现是硬币，同时农业机械和化学品正严重破坏文物。英国各地法规不同，苏格兰要求上报所有发现，北爱尔兰则需许可证。

题目与答案

1. Survey conclusions

   ·31_____ are less informed

   答案：museums

   原文定位：A recent survey concluded that museums were hearing about only a fraction of the hundreds of thousands of artifacts recovered by detectorists each year

   同义替换：「less informed」↔「hearing about only a fraction」，「conclusions」↔「concluded」

2. Understanding the context of a find involves:

   ·knowing the precise 32_____ of the object

   答案：location

   原文定位：We have to know the exact location of a find

   同义替换：「precise」↔「exact」

3. ·examining the 33_____ where the object is found

   答案：soil

   原文定位：Then we also need to look carefully at the soil it's lying in

   同义替换：「examining」↔「look carefully at」，「found」↔「lying in」

4. Scientific techniques can identify:

   ·the function of the object

   ·the 34_____ of the object

   答案：age

   原文定位：Techniques may also allow us to work out the age of an artifact

   同义替换：「object」↔「artifact」，「identify」↔「work out」

5. How detectorists contribute:

   Detectorists can work with the 35_____ to protect sites.

   答案：authorities

   原文定位：They are now cooperating closely with the authorities for site protection

   同义替换：「work with」↔「cooperating closely with」

6. Working together has resulted in:

   ·more finds being reported,e.g.weapons and 36_____

   答案：coins

   原文定位：Detectorists have recovered a range of metal objects, such as weapons, but their most significant find is coins

   同义替换：「finds」↔「recovered」

7. Detecting has provided evidence of damage done by farming due to:

   ·use of 37_____

   答案：machines

   原文定位：It has given us an indication of the extent of loss of archaeological remains as a result of the use of machines

   同义替换：「damage done by farming」↔「loss of archaeological remains」

8. ·use of 38_____

   答案：chemicals

   原文定位：Increasing evidence also indicates that many artifacts are being severely damaged by the action of chemicals used on cultivated earth

   同义替换：「done by farming」↔「the action of chemicals」

9. Reporting and recording

   Laws in UK vary:

   ·39_____ that is found must be reported in Scotland

   答案：everything

   原文定位：In Scotland, all finders are required to report everything that they find

   同义替换：「must be」↔「are required to」

10. ·Northern Ireland-a 40_____ is needed by detectorists

    答案：licence

    原文定位：the law in Northern Ireland has been tightened up and any search for archaeological objects requires a license

    同义替换：「needed」↔「requires」，「detectorists」↔「people who search for objects」