Research on bird in Australia

文章大意

讲座介绍澳大利亚两项鸟类栖息地与保护研究。1995年澳大利亚国立大学Cunningham团队调查153种鸟在946个地点的分布，用距离抽样和无线电标签追踪游隼、红隼等保护物种的繁殖与巢址，发现鸟类倾向回到成长地筑巢，并研究人类污染对鸟类群落的影响。

题目与答案

1. The Study Cunningham in 1995

   31 It aimed to study birds which were _____ in cities

   答案：protected

   原文定位：The primary goal was to detect the breeding habits and resting sites of some birds, especially those protected species in urban regions

   同义替换：「It aimed to study」↔「The primary goal was to detect」，「birds which were;in cities」↔「some birds, especially those;species in urban regions」

2. ·Methodology

   ·32 Researchers were able to _____ rather than count the number of birds by some methods, such as random sampling.

   答案：estimate

   原文定位：One might expect that in order to obtain valid data on their distribution patterns and population densities, researchers had to count through binoculars. Instead, they managed to estimate with various standard distance sampling methods like random sampling

   同义替换：「able to」↔「managed to」，「rather than」↔「Instead」，「the number of birds」↔「population densities」，「by some methods, such as random sampling」↔「with various standard distance sampling methods like random sampling」

3. ·33 Researcher studied bird`s companionship habits using a _____ system.

   答案：mapping

   原文定位：In addition, a mapping system was used to study their companionship behavior

   同义替换：「studied bird`s companionship habits」↔「study their companionship behavior」，「using a;system」↔「a;system was used to」

4. ·34 Research attached tags to birds` leg to identify their _____ over time.

   答案：whereabouts

   原文定位：to obtain valid data of birds' whereabouts, researchers attached identity tags to birds legs transmitting radio signals

   同义替换：「to identify」↔「To obtain valid data of」

5. Findings

   ·Birds tended to choose the same nesting site in which they were raised

   ·35 Human activities such _____ had a negative effect on the reproduction of birds

   答案：pollution

   原文定位：and found out that pollution had contributed greatly to the declining birth rates of some species

   同义替换：「Human activities」↔「the impact of humans」，「had a negative effect on」↔「had contributed greatly to」，「the reproduction of birds」↔「the declining birth rates of some species」

6. Measures taken by local organization

   ·36 To increase birds` of rate _____ in various ways

   答案：survival

   原文定位：A number of measures were thus taken by members from local animal conservation organizations to boost their alarming survival rates

   同义替换：「increase」↔「boost」，「in various ways」↔「A number of measures;were taken」

7. ·37 To reduce the dangers caused by _____ farms, e.g. colliding with turbines

   答案：wind

   原文定位：A further measure was taken to ensure the safety of birds from wind farms. In fact, birds are sometimes sheared by wind turbine blades;prevent them from colliding with turbines

   同义替换：「to reduce the dangers」↔「to ensure the safety of birds;prevent them from colliding」，「colliding with turbines」↔「colliding with turbines;sheared by wind turbine blades」

8. The Study by Conway in 2006

   ·38 Researchers monitored the _____ of birds` nocturnal callings during flight.

   答案：frequency

   原文定位：His team detected the calling frequency of sea birds flying at night

   同义替换：「monitored」↔「detected」，「birds` nocturnal callings during flight」↔「the calling;of seabirds flying at night」

9. ·39_____ were taken to listen to birds` sounds

   答案：recordings

   原文定位：Surveyors also took recordings of the sounds of all the individual birds detected

   同义替换：「were taken」↔「took」，「to listen to birds` sounds」↔「of the sounds of all the individual birds detected」

10. ·40 Data could be collected through noise detection devices placed at a great _____ .

    答案：distance

    原文定位：To minimize the disturbance on the bird community, all the sounds were recorded from a distance using microphones to detect noise

    同义替换：「Data could be collected」↔「一、第 40 题答案对应的关键原文 To minimize the disturbance on the bird community, all the sounds were recorded from a distance using microphones to detect noise.答案：distance 二、题干与原文的同义表达 / 逻辑对应 题干原句：Data could be collected through noise detection devices placed at a great 40________ .二者的同义替换及逻辑对应如下： 表格 题干内容 原文内容 同义 / 对应解析 Data could be collected all the sounds were recorded」，「through noise detection devices」↔「using microphones to detect noise」，「placed at a great」↔「from a」